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发表于
2019-5-23 08:42:21
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约瑟夫.霍夫曼
Josef Hofmann
(1876年1月20日-1957年2月16日)
18岁时,霍夫曼在安东.鲁宾斯坦的指挥下举行了他的回归音乐会,演奏了他老师的《D小调钢琴协奏曲》,这部作品终其一生都是霍夫曼的保留曲目。从此霍夫曼开始了他的音乐会生涯。他并不是那种毫无主见,只在一个有限的节目单里面的凑合的人。他不停地工作,建立起了一个巨大的曲目库。在俄国,霍夫曼极其受欢迎。1912年他在圣彼得堡演出的时候,连续举行了21场门票告罄的音乐会,期间没有重复一首曲目,一共演奏了255首不同的作品!!!他的记忆力绝对可靠,但更让人吃惊的是他很少练琴。一部新作品一到他指下,就能呈现出出色的地方。事实上,他确实不需要乐谱。他可以在听到一部作品后立即在键盘上复制出来,一个音符都不差!
也难怪鲁宾斯坦称他为“音乐世界前所未见的奇迹”。罗西娜.莱文涅(Rosina Lhevinne,1880-1976,美籍俄国钢琴家,著名教育家) 很喜欢讲霍夫曼到第比利斯(格鲁吉亚首都,Josef Lhevinne一战前曾在此任教)旅行演出的故事,他们下午时经常聚在一起。有一次,约瑟夫.莱文涅(Josef Lhevinne,1874-1944,俄国钢琴家、教育家)弹奏了一首霍夫曼没听过的曲子。莱文涅告诉他这是李斯特的《罗蕾莱》(Lorelei,长度大概6-7分钟)。“请再弹一遍”霍夫曼说。然后大家共进晚餐,随后一起陪伴霍夫曼去音乐厅。“他弹的太棒了,”罗西娜回忆说。“第一次安可的时候,他走出来向我们眨眨眼,然后就像我的约瑟夫(莱文涅)一样弹奏起那首《罗蕾莱》。”
wiki关于霍夫曼的记忆能力和庞大的曲目库:
Hofmann's repertoire was mostly confined to music written before the start of the 20th century. Much like Rubinstein's seven historic recitals of 1885, he gave 21 consecutive concerts in St. Petersburg without repeating a single piece, playing 255 different works from memory during that marathon cycle in 1912–1913.
见上面255首曲子的故事,不过这里面说的21场音乐会是1912-1913年间。
[32] In the diary his wife kept during his 1909 Russian tour, she mentions his raising his eyebrows when he saw Brahms' Handel Variations on a program—a piece he had not played or even looked at for two and a half years. He played the work at the concert without hesitation.[32] 这个是他妻子的回忆,在1909年俄国巡演中有首勃拉姆斯的《海顿变奏》,霍夫曼有2年半的时间都没有弹奏,甚至没有看过,结果演出的时候没有半点犹豫就弹下来了……
Although a poor sight reader, he was said to possess the ability of Franz Liszt and Camille Saint-Saëns to hear a composition once and play it back correctly without seeing the printed notes. Rosina Lhévinne recalled that Hofmann heard her husband Josef Lhévinne play Liszt's Lorelei, a piece Hofmann had never heard but went on to play it "just like my Josef (Lhevinne)" for an encore at his concert later that day.[33] 见上面莱文涅的故事。
Maurice Aronson, who served as Leopold Godowsky's assistant, recalled Hofmann learning Godowsky's Fledermaus transcription. Godowsky and Hofmann met in Berlin in 1900, becoming friends until Godowsky's death in 1938. Hofmann would visit Godowsky's studio and listen while Godowsky was composing Fledermaus. A week later Hofmann visited Godowsky again and played the entire transcription, and he had never seen the music. Godowsky, in fact, had not yet written it down. Schonberg has added that Godowsky's Fledermaus is one of the most resourceful and complicated stunts ever written for the piano. 这个故事是霍夫曼和另一位大钢琴家戈多夫斯基的。他们成为朋友以后,霍夫曼经常跑到他工作室去玩,有一次就听见戈多夫斯基正在创作《蝙蝠》(施特劳斯歌剧改编钢琴独奏——戈多夫斯基创作以改编高难度的钢琴曲著称),而当时也只是戈多夫斯基在钢琴上摸索,甚至都没有谱写下来。结果一周后霍夫曼再次到访,就弹奏了整首曲子……勋伯格(这里的勋伯格应该是指著名乐评人哈罗德.勋伯格,而不是那位作曲家)特别指出《蝙蝠》是最难应付的钢琴技术曲目之一。
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